This paper formalizes the Embodied Models of Health framework as an attention-weighted Bayesian update, in which mindsets set priors over latent health states and attention governs how bodily evidence revises them, then validates the model across a laboratory healing experiment, a large field trial, and an open-label placebo study.

This paper introduces the Embodied Models of Health framework for understanding mind-body unity and the effect of mindsets on health outcomes, delving into the science behind how attention, beliefs, and expectations shape physical health over time.

Gelman and Brown’s 2024 critique of our paper on perceived time and physical healing exemplifies how selective reasoning and misrepresentation of methods, literature, and broader research can distort credible mind-body science.

Exploring the profound impact of our thoughts on our health, this article delves into the science behind how attention, beliefs, and expectations shape physical health over time, using evidence from our research.

More wound healing followed greater perceived time and less wound healing followed less perceived time, even though elapsed time was always equal.